Combining rock-physics modeling and time-lapse seismic analysis provided us with a useful tool to monitor the production processes in the reservoir between wells. The changes observed from the time-lapse seismic inversion and other time-lapse attributes helped us to recognize high production zones and to delineate the areas which could be targeted during the next recovery steps in the reservoir production. Other time-lapse seismic attributes such as Lambda-Rho (P-impedance squared minus two times S-impedance squared) and Mu-Rho (S-impedance squared) were also computed after the performing time-lapse seismic inversion. Different elastic volumes such as time-lapse acoustic impedance, shear impedance and density were output from the seismic inversion process. Model-based post-stack and pre-stack seismic inversion was then applied to the time-lapse seismic data to extract the elastic properties at both horizontal and vertical scales, over one of the CHOPS fields in Saskatchewan, Canada. Next, 4D calibration steps were applied to the time-lapse seismic data to reduce non-reservoir related anomalies and allow us to focus only on production-related changes in the reservoir. Rock physics modeling was done by using the Gassmann equation and applying the Batzle and Wang relationships for fluids. the top of the reservoir is at 1584m (TVDss), while the base is at 1714m. This modeling can help us understand how elastic properties extracted from time-lapse seismic data can be interpreted. Landmark R5000, Hampson-Russell version CE8R44 E-log module and Tech-Log 2009. To start, rock physics modeling was done on the available well log data from wells in the area to model how fluid substitution in the reservoir would change elastic properties such as P-wave velocity, S-wave velocity and density within the reservoir. Principles of the scaling in the SILC inversion between seismic band and well log. By analyzing the differences between these repeated surveys we are able to infer changes due to production. formed by using the industry-standard Hampson-Russell software. Time-lapse seismic analysis involves the use of repeated seismic surveys which are acquired in the same area. Time-lapse seismic analysis has proven to be one of the best methods which is capable of monitoring production-related changes beyond the wells.
Therefore, it is important to model the reservoir changes in CHOPS fields in order to determine how to increase the recovery of the heavy oil. In addition to causing fluid changes in the reservoir during the period of production, the CHOPS technique causes changes in the mass of the reservoir rock during the production time due to the simultaneous extraction of sand and oil. In this technique, high viscosity heavy oil is extracted with sand by using cavity pumps.
The distribution of impedance and porosity at different level of formation zones can help quantify the heterogeneity of the reservoir architecture and the corresponding reservoir potential for the field development.Cold heavy oil production with Sand (CHOPS) is one of the major techniques which is applied in heavy oil production fields, especially in Canada. The heterogeneous impedance values in Fm B zone can be related with the observed degree of dolomitization which is responsible for the heterogeneity of the formation.
Despite vertical resolution limitations, seismic inversion provides useful information for predicting lateral variations in reservoir quality, not accessible directly through the well data. The degree of dolomitization varies laterally and vertically which is responsible for the reservoir heterogeneity. The second formation (Fm B) is dominated by limestones and dolomites intercalated with medium-low consolidated sandstones and variably thick beds of micritic limestone and shale layers. The uppermost formation (Fm A) consists on clastic sediments from shallow marine deposits. The field has two continuous formations of interest. Entre as páxinas de Cacumen tamén se poden achar xogos de Sam Loyd ou artigos de Henry Dudeney, mais cando se fala de xogos e de matemáticas ten que aparecer indefectiblemente Martin Gardner. The characterization aims to derive the porosity properties from the integrated deterministic (post-stack) inversion and stochastic multi-attribute analysis. En calquera caso ten que haber algún primo máis que os supostos, isto é, ten que haber infinitos. The goal of the study is to characterize the seismic signatures of a field located in the West African Basin.